矿业宫(Palacio de Minería)又称采矿宫(The Palace of Mining),是由巴伦西亚雕塑家和建筑师Manuel Tolsá在1797年至1813年间设计和建造。
矿业宫里面有一座专门为设计师而建的博物馆。这座建筑原本是为了容纳西班牙皇家矿业学院(Spanish Royal School of Mines and Mining)。这座宏伟的宫殿后来成为其他机构的所在地,其中包括国立大学(National University)、工程学院(School of Engineering)、矿业学院(College of Mines),以及后来的墨西哥国立自治大学物理研究所(Physics Institute of the National Autonomous University of Mexico)。
如今,这里是属于墨西哥国立自治大学工程学院的博物馆。广场的对面也是以Manuel Tolsá命名的,也是他自己后来的西班牙卡洛斯四世骑马雕像的所在地。矿业宫颇为壮观,也是墨西哥对殖民时代罕见天才表示尊重的少有例子。
矿业宫
矿业宫
矿业宫
矿业宫
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理性与秩序
矿业宫的历史可以追溯到1793年,当时著名的建筑师Manuel Tolsá接受委托,设计了这个项目。他还参与了大都会大教堂(Metropolitan Cathedral)建设的最后阶段,以及那个时代一些闻名遐迩的项目。采矿业对新西班牙(New Spain)主要经济活动至关重要,随着人们走近,变得越来越明显。
事实上,启蒙运动将理性和秩序的理想放在获得知识,也许这是最巧妙的实现途径。
19世纪60年代末,矿业宫成为马克西米利亚诺皇帝的皇宫。这位皇帝将查普尔特佩克城堡(Castle of Chapultepec)作为他的住所。此后不久,矿业宫再次用于容纳特殊学校工程(Special School Engineering),此后近一百年都是如此。1954年,工程学院(Faculty of Engineering)搬到了大学城另一栋大楼。
走进矿业宫,游客仍然可以看到一个令人惊叹的庭院、演讲厅、瓜达卢佩圣母教堂和豪华的楼梯。作为墨西哥国立自治大学遗产的一部分,这里仍然是会议、专业课程和国际书展等活动的举办地。这里设有Manuel Tolsá博物馆,还是几个城市和国家组织的所在地,其中包括工程学院校友协会(Society of Alumni of the Faculty of Engineering)。
The extraction of silver and gold in New Spain was a very lucrative business, so its professionalization advanced during the viceroyalty. Between 1797 and 1813, Manuel Tolsá was commissioned to construct a building for the school of the Royal Mining Seminary. The result was an elegant palace, Tolsá's most important civil monument in the capital. The building shows the sober lines and rigorous decoration of the neoclassical style. Its monumental façade, the portico is formed by elegant columns that support a sober triangular pediment. The majestic main staircase is in the center of the patio and gives access to the second floor, with its double colonnade and a chapel dedicated to the Virgin of Guadalupe. Paintings by Rafael Ximeno y Planes, also a master of the Academy of San Carlos, survive in this chapel. Four meteorites that have fallen on Mexican territory are exhibited in the entrance hall.
Heart of México Walking Route: Manuel Tolsá - S Veracruz Route
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Proyecto “Corredor de Cultura Digital”.
Nombre de la investigación: Investigación Centro Histórico, Monumentos, Edificios y Puntos de Interés (2023)
Dirección de investigación y diseño de Rutas: Acércate al Centro A.C. Guadalupe Gómez Collada
Coordinación e investigación histórica: Fideicomiso del Centro histórico Dir. Maestra Loredana Montes
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