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墨西哥城大都会大教堂

墨西哥城大都会大教堂坐落在一个神秘起源的土地上。它位于四个主要方向的十字路口中心，也标志着古代特诺奇提特兰四个原始居民区的交汇点。因此，它是阿兹特克首都的精神中心。

这是美洲建造的第一座大教堂。

大教堂包括两座钟楼、一个中央圆顶和三个主要门户。
它的外观围绕着柱子和雕像。

大教堂有五个走道，包括51个拱顶、74个拱门和40根柱子。
由埃尔南·科尔特斯委托建造，据说他亲自奠定了第一块石头。
它建在一个小神庙的上面，据说是献给希特尔或羽蛇神奎特扎尔科瓦特尔的，毗邻特诺奇提特兰古代最重要的宗教遗址——主神庙。

建造教堂的材料主要使用摧毁的金字塔和建筑物中的原料。
教堂一直在不断进行维修工程，因为它的地基下沉了至少10米。
据说有一条隧道连接大教堂和旁边的主神庙的遗址。
大教堂的地下室中，据说藏有古代托纳提乌金字塔的遗址或基础。
在目前的教堂下面，有一块石头，被认为是古代阿兹特克用来进行人类祭祀的祭坛的遗址。

大教堂的钟楼最多可以容纳56只钟。目前只有35只。
设在大教堂内的图里亚纳图书馆是墨西哥的第二大图书馆。
大教堂有16个侧祭坛，其中14个向公众开放。每个祭坛都献给不同的圣徒，每个都由一个宗教行会赞助。
这些祭坛都有精致华丽的祭坛、祭坛画、彩绘板、绘画、家具和雕塑。
大教堂内有两座美洲最大的18世纪管风琴。
大教堂下面的地下室包含许多前大主教的遗骸。
大教堂大约有150扇窗户。
墨西哥城大都会大教堂被认同是副王和殖民时期艺术、建筑和工艺的最高成就。
有广泛的导游服务，以及参观钟楼等更多活动。

Metropolitan Cathedral of Mexico City

Photos: Nan Palmero, CC BY 2.0 DEED

Mexico City's Metropolitan Cathedral is built on land of a mystical origin. It was the crossroads of the four cardinal points, and the demarcation of the meeting points of the four original neighborhoods of ancient Tenochtitlan. It's thus the spiritual center of the Aztec capital.

It's the first Cathedral to have been built in the Americas.
The cathedral consists of two bell towers, a central dome, and three main portals.
Its four façades contain portals flanked with columns and statues.
There are five naves consisting of 51 vaults, 74 arches, and 40 columns.
Commissioned by Hernán Cortés, he is said to have laid the first stone.
It is built on top a small temple probably dedicated to Xitle or Quetzalcoatl, and next to the Templo Mayor, the Aztec's most important religious site.
The material for constructing the church was largely scavenged from the destroyed pyramids and structures.
The church has been under constant construction, because the ground beneath it has sunk at least 10 meters.
There is said to be a tunnel connecting the Cathedral with the remains of the Templo Mayor, next door.
The basements of the Cathedral are said to contain the remains, or the very foundations of the ancient Pyramid of Tonatiuh.
Beneath the present church, a stone is said to be the remains of an Aztec altar upon which human sacrifices were made.
The cathedral bell towers can house up to 56 bells. At present, there are only 35.
The Turriana Library, the second library in all of Mexico, was housed within the church.
14 of the cathedral's 16 side-chapels are open to the public. Each is dedicated to a different saint or saints, and each was sponsored by a religious guild.
The chapels contain ornate altars, altarpieces, retablos, paintings, furniture and sculptures.
The cathedral is home to two of the largest 18th-century organs in the Americas.
A crypt beneath the cathedral contains the remains of many former archbishops.
The cathedral has approximately 150 windows.

The Metropolitan Cathedral is widely considered to be the highest point of Vice Regal and colonial art, architecture, and craftsmanship. Guided tours are widely available as are trips up the bell towers and more.

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